GOD OF KINGS: August 2011

Wednesday, August 31, 2011

How to Find Fake Currencies

Ways To Identify Fake Indian Currency Notes

Lets take an example of a green colored Rupees 500 note and check for below points.

When hold under UV (Ultra Violet) blue light, The number of optical fiber are easy and frequent on note, where as on duplicate (fake notes) it is very less. Look for ‘Intaglio print‘ which is absent in fake note. Intaglio print includes

1) The guarantee and the promise clause of RBI

2) Signature of RBI governor

3) Seal of RBI

4) Mahatma Gandhi Portrait

5) The Ashoka pillar emblem.

One of the secret method of identify fake Indian notes worth rupees 500 and 1000 is by its colour, In a particular angle the original note changes its colour from green to blue.

Always check the Security thread which is visible in all original notes, This thread is 1.4 mm wide carbon black color appears in break (on front side of note) and full straight line (back side of note). To check little deep one can see 2 different words ‘RBI‘ and ‘Bharat‘ which are written in Devnagri scripts. For same always confirm and identify it under UV light as the original note will glow in yellow and the fake currency do not.

One of the major signs to identify is the WATERMARK on blank portion of Indian notes which shows ‘Mahatma Gandhi’s smiling face’ and in few fake notes it seen NON smiling or absent.

How a visual impaired person can identify a fake currency note : RBI has taken measures the denominations, A Dark Patch (intaglio print) on left side of the note near mahatma gandhi picture can be seen and will help visually impaired (blind people) for same. Th patch differs in size in currency denominations worth Rs.20 (Vertical Rectangle) , Rs.50 (Square patch), Rs.100 (Triangle), Rs. 500 circle, Rs.1000 (Diamond shape).

Upon Holding the note against light, just above the Dark Patch there is a Floral Design which can be seen on front side and is filled in back side of note on which denomination numbers are displayed.

One of the secret identification mark is the ‘Latent Image of Denomination‘ which can be seen when you hold the note horizontally with right vertical band facing you.

Finally, One more thing to check is the word RBI and Denomination amount number which can been seen on front right side of note just next to Gandhiji’s clear picture. Inside the gap of the vertical band (Flower like design).

Rare Gold Coins

WimaKadphises Coinage

Adsho Carnelian Seal

Chandra Gupta II

Coin Of Huvishka With Oisho

G-Abdul-Jalil-Rah-man Coin

Kanihka Shiva Coin 01

Kanihka Shiva Coin 02

Kanishka Coin Facing

Kanishka I

Kanishka II

Kushan Coin

Kushan Coinage

Mahasena Huvishka

Manaobago

Samudra Gupta Coin

Skanda And Visakha Huvishka Coin

TrajanCoin Ahinposh Buddhist Monastery Afghanistan

Vasudeva Coin

Coin Of Huvishka With Rishti As Roma

Hasanuddin-Kupang

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Other Metal Rare Coins

Vima_Takto

Inted_for_JAVA_1766

Caracalla

Duit-Sulawesi

h_silver_cob_of_1714

Hasanuddin - Pitis

Heraios Kushan king Coin

Kanishka I Coin Found In Khotan

Kujula Indo-Greek Coinage

Menander Coin Indo-Greek coin

Moghul Empire Akbar coin of Gobindpur Mint

Netherlands - India

Raja raja Chola 985-1014 AD

Sunga Coin

Varaha Vishnu Avatar Pratihara Kings 850-900 CE

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Ancient Punch Mark Coins

FIGURES IN PUNCH MARK COINS

Various punches of animals, humans, mountains, rivers etc were punched on the punch mark coins on both the sides of the coin. Some of them are shown here.

THE BEGINNING

When did Coinage begun?

It started on both sides of the Ancient World - in China and in Lydia, in Asia Minor, at more or less the same time, about 700 years before Christ or 700 B.C. Coinage in INDIA begun about 6th century B.C. Many historians argue that Indian coinage existed prior to 6th century B.C in the Indus valley civilization of "Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa" between 2500 BC and 1750 BC. There, however, is no consensus on whether the seals excavated from the sites were in fact coins.

Seals found in Mohenjo-Daro

To the ancient Indians, a coin was not a piece of inanimate metal with an official stamp, but a form (rupa) pulsating with symbols, names of kings, gods and goddesses portraying wealth and prosperity. Each dynasty and even each king contributed his own innovation to the coinage resulting in a bewildering variety of Indian coins. The Kings chose such symbols, forms of gods and goddesses and legends which were a part of, social consciousness that the users of the coins could easily understand and appreciate.

The various symbols used on ancient punch mark coins are shown below:-

The establishment of Numismatic Society of India in 1910 is an important landmark in the study of Indian Coins.

PUNCH-MARK COINS

As the name suggests, these coins bear the symbols of various types, punched on pieces of silver of specific weight. Punch-marked coins are marked with 1-5 (and sometimes more) marks representing various symbols. They are broadly classified into two periods: the first period (attributed to the Janapadas or small local states) and the second period (attributed to the Imperial Mauryan period). The motifs found on these coins were mostly drawn from nature like the sun, various animal motifs, trees, hills etc. and some were geometrical symbols.

Ancient Indian coinage was based on `Karshapana' unit that consists of 32 rattis (3.3 grams of silver) and a 'Ratti' is equivalent to 0.11 gms.

Cup Shaped PMC Coins

Silver Bent Bar Coins

Multiple Punch Coins

COINS OF JANAPADAS

Kuntala Janapadas 6th century BC, Silver, 6.24 g, pulley type with a big pulley-type symbol in the center and a clock-wise Triskeli in two of its orbs (Uniface)

Imperial Magadha 5^th century BC, Silver, Karshapana, 5 symbols

Magadha: multiple punches seen

Vidarbha a square copper with three arched hills & crescent in a circle enclosed in a double square. 11.7 gms

Ancient copper coin with various symbols

JANAPADAS (OR) STATES

The silver punch mark coins have been found all over the country. The earliest of these were issued by janapadas and mahajanapadas which existed after the Bharat war (11^th century B.C) .All these gradually merged with the expanding Magadha Empire by 4^th century B.C. The states (janapadas) of which coins are known so far are:

(a) Surasena - Modern Braj, the region around Mathura

(b) Uttara Panchala - the Rohilkhand region

Chambal

(d) Chedi - the region south of Yamuna

(e) Kosala - the area bounded by Gomti on the west, Sarpika-modern

sai on the south, Sadanira-modern gandak on the east and Nepal hills on the north.

(f) Kasi- the region around Varanasi

(g) Malla - dist of Deoria and surroundings

(h) Magadha - area bound by Ganga on the north, Son on the west,

plateau of Chota Nagpur to the south and Bhagalpur region to the east.

(i) Vanga - Bengal

(j) Dakshina Kosala - western Orissa and eastern Madhya Pradesh